MISHNAH ALL SACRIFICES SLAUGHTERED NOT IN THEIR OWN NAME1 ARE VALID, (2) SAVE THAT THEY DO NOT FREE THEIR OWNERS OF THEIR OBLIGATION, (3) WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE PASSOVEROFFERING AND THE SIN-OFFERING. (4) [THIS HOLDS GOOD OF] A PASSOVER-OFFERING IN ITS PROPER TIME; (5) AND A SIN-OFFERING AT ALL TIMES. R. ELIEZER SAID: ALSO THE GUILTOFFERING [IS INVALID]. [AND THE LAW HOLDS GOOD OF] A PASSOVER-OFFERING IN ITS PROPER TIME, AND A SIN-OFFERING AND A GUILT-OFFERING AT ALL TIMES. R. ELIEZER ARGUED: THE SIN-OFFERING COMES ON ACCOUNT OF SIN, AND THE GUILT-OFFERING COMES ON ACCOUNT OF SIN: AS A SIN-OFFERING [ SLAUGHTERED] NOT IN ITS OWN NAME IS INVALID, SO IS THE GUILT-OFFERING INVALID [SLAUGHTERED] NOT IN ITS OWN NAME. JOSE B. HONI SAID: [SACRIFICES] SLAUGHTERED IN THE NAME OF A PASSOVER-OFFERING OR A SIN-OFFERING ARE INVALID. SIMEON THE BROTHER OF ‘AZARIAH (6) SAID: IF ONE SLAUGHTERED THEM UNDER A HIGHER DESIGNATION THAN THEIR OWN THEY ARE VALID; UNDER A LOWER DESIGNATION THAN THEIR OWN, THEY ARE INVALID. HOW SO? IF ONE SLAUGHTERED MOST SACRED SACRIFICES UNDER THE DESIGNATION OF LESSER SACRIFICES, (7) THEY ARE INVALID; IF ONE SLAUGHTERED LESSER SACRIFICES UNDER THE DESIGNATION OF MOST SACRED SACRIFICES, THEY ARE VALID. IF ONE SLAUGHTERED A FIRSTLING OR TITHE IN THE NAME OF A PEACEOFFERING, (8) IT IS VALID; IF ONE SLAUGHTERED A PEACE-OFFERING IN THE NAME OF A FIRSTLING OR TITHE, IT IS INVALID. GEMARA. Why must [the Tanna] teach, SAVE THAT THEY DO NOT FREE [THEIR OWNERS OF THEIR OBLIGATION]; let him teach, ‘and they do not free their owners of their obligation?’ (9) — He informs us this: they merely do not free their owners of their obligation. yet they retain their [original] sanctity, and no alteration therein is permitted, in accordance with Raba's dictum. For Raba said: If a burnt-offering was slaughtered under a different designation, its blood must not be sprinkled under a different designation . (10) If you wish, I can say [this follows] from reason, and if you wish I can say, from Scripture. If you wish, I can say [this follows] from reason: because he made an alteration therein [once], is he to go on making alterations therein? (11) And if you wish, I can say [it follows] from Scripture: That which is gone out of thy lips thou shalt observe and do; according as thou hast vowed a freewilloffering unto the Lord thy God, etc.: (12) is this a freewill-offering —

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(1). ↑ I.e. under a different designation. E.g., a burntoffering slaughtered as a peace-offering.
(2). ↑ They count as a sacrifice, and all their rites, such as sprinkling the blood, burning the emurim (v. Glos). and eating the flesh, must be performed.
(3). ↑ If the owner vowed e.g.. a burnt-offering, this sacrifice does not free him of his obligation and he must bring another.
(4). ↑ These are altogether invalid; hence they must be burnt (not on the altar), and the usual rites may not be performed.
(5). ↑ Sc. from midday on the eve of Passover until nightfall.
(6). ↑ Sotah 21a.
(7). ↑ Sacrifices were divided into two categories: (i) Most sacred; these included the sin-offering, mealoffering, burnt-offering and guilt-offering; and (ii) Lesser sacrifices e.g., the peace-offering. Passoveroffering and the thanks-offering.
(8). ↑ The sanctity of the former is lower, v. infra 89a.
(9). ↑ Which is more in keeping with the terse style of the Mishnah.
(10). ↑ But as the blood of a burnt-offering.
(11). ↑ Obviously not-one wrong does not authorize another!
(12). ↑ Deut. XXIII,24.